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Explanation: Gregor Johann Mendel was an Austrian monk, who is known as the Father of Genetics. Mendel’s laws of heredity refer to biological concepts of heredity first uncovered by the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel, who lived in the early 1800s. He crossed pea plants having round and yellow seeds with pea plants having wrinkled and green seeds. The basic concepts of the law of segregation are: A gene exists in multiple forms of an allele. Mendel’s Law of Inheritance (Law of Segregation): Statement: Members of an allelic pair in hybrid remain together without mixing with each other and separate or segregate during gamete formation. Thus gametes receive only one of the two factors and are pure for a given trait. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who developed the principles of inheritance by performing experiments on pea plants. Each trait is linked to a pair of alleles that are passed down, one from each parent. The law of segregation is also known as Mendel's second law of inheritance. This law is also referred as Mendel’s second law of inheritance. Mendel suggested that inheritance of traits followed specific rules or laws: The Law of Segregation. Taken together, his laws make up the principles of Mendelian inheritance. The laws of inheritance were derived by Gregor Mendel, a 19th century monk conducting hybridization experiments in garden peas (Pisum sativum).

First, he crossed different varieties of purebred pea plants, then collected and grew the seeds to determine their characteristics

These laws were initially controversial. The rest of the three biologist rediscovered Mendel’s work in 1900.

Every living organism inherits two alleles for each trait; one is dominant and the other is recessive. Mendelian inheritance is a type of biological inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.

In meiosis, the allelic pair of a cell separates and each gamete has a single allele. Mendel’s law of inheritance: Dihybrid cross. When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics. The parental generation possess, one parent with round and yellow seed or RRYY. In dihybrid crossing of plants, Mendel experimented on two pairs of contrasting characters that are shape of seed and color of seed. Understanding how Mendel's law of independent assortment describes inheritance of genes is … This law is universal. Mendel conducted experiments crossing various sizes and colors of pea plants and recording the outcomes of these crosses – revolutionized the understanding of heredity. From these experiments, he deduced two generalizations that later became known as Mendel’s Laws of Heredity or Mendelian inheritance.

Between 1856 and 1863, he cultivated and tested some 28,000 pea plants. He published the principle of inheritance in 1856 which are popularly known as Mendel’s law. Mendel's Second Law: The Law of Independent Assortment.