etc, etc. Among them were letters written in Babylonian cuneiform script to these Pharaohs of Egypt by various kings dwelling in the land of Canaan and Syria, they were written during the time of Moses. (There are only 3 letters from Labaya of Šakmu/Shechem.) Amarna letter EA 271, titled: "The Power of the 'Apiru," is a moderately, short, tallish, rectangular clay tablet letter, approximately 3 in wide x 4 in tall, from Milkilu the mayor/ruler of Gazru (), of the mid 14th century BC Amarna letters.. The earliest recorded instance of the term is dated to the reign of king Irkabtum of the north Mesopotamian (Amorite) kingdom of Yamkhad (c. 1740 BC), who had a year named \"Year when king Irkabtum made peace with Semuma and the Habiru.\" This has been taken to show that the Habiru led by Semuma already wielded such influence in the neighborhood of Alalakh that the local sovereign felt obliged to conclude a treaty with th…
S. Douglas Waterhouse. Of particular interest for biblical scholars is the fact that the letters revealed the first mention of a Near Eastern group known as the Habiru (also called “Apiru” and “Hapiru”), whose possible connection with the Hebrews has been much debated. They provide the first evidence of the Hebrew tribes entering into the land of Canaan in ancient times. By S. Douglas Waterhouse, Published on 01/01/01. Tweet. ### We see from the above that Habiru are considered to have been the original Hebrews. Translating the cuneiform of the Amarna tablets as "Apiru" as opposed to the other equally correct word choice of "Habiru" because "Apiru" is most unlike "Hebrew", whereas "Habiru" is quite similar to "Hebrew". The next closest mention of the Habiru is from the Jerusalem letters of Abdi-Heba, directly south at Jerusalem, letters EA 286, 287, 288, 289, and EA 290. The Amarna letters give an incomplete look at Labaya's career. It was the discovery in 1887 of over 350 cuneiform letters at Tell el-Amarna in Middle Egypt, the site of Pharaoh AkhenatenÕs capital, which opened up to the modern world new vistas on what had been occurring at a crucial time when
The map shows various cities and regions, and their respective dealings with the Habiru. HABIRU, HAPIRU hä’ bĭ rōō. A people known as “habiru” or “hapiru” appear in cuneiform texts dated from the 20th to the 18th centuries b.c. Amarna letter EA 254, titled: "Neither Rebel nor Delinquent (2)" is a moderate length, tall, and mostly flat rectangular clay tablet Amarna letter, (see here ).The letter is from Labaya of city-state Šakmu (Shechem today).
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